Removal of Pb+2 and Cd+2 from Aqueous Solution by Using Faujasite
Fatma Mohamed Dardir,
Ezzat Abdalla Ahmed,
Mamdouh Farag Soliman,
Mostafa Ragab Abukhadra
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 1, March 2023
Pages:
1-8
Received:
16 March 2023
Accepted:
7 April 2023
Published:
17 May 2023
Abstract: The excess amount of lead (Pb+2) and cadmium (Cd+2) in the drinking water system lead to affect immunity and kidney failure problems. To overcome such troubles by developing well-crystalline faujasite minerals that are synthesized from claystone by the hydrothermal process may be the current trend For the effective adsorption of these cations. The active functional group, thermal nature, crystallinity surface, texture properties, and porous surface nature of faujasite were investigated using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared, and nitrogen sorption 77k studies. The maximum removal of Pb+2 and Cd+2 was found to be 98% and 85% respectively using 60 mg and 70 mg from the adsorbent material. Moreover, the measured uptake capacity of Pb+2 and Cd+2 was 351.3 mg/g and 97.2 mg/g at equilibrium times of 50 min and 80 min respectively. Therefore, different adsorption isotherm and kinetic models were investigated. Accordingly, adsorption isotherms were the best fit for the Langmuir isotherm model. Moreover, the adsorption process for the two adsorbate cation was followed by the pseudo-second-order kinetics (R2 >0.9), Elovich (R2 >0.9 for Pb+2 and 0.86 for Cd+2), and Langmuir (R2 >0.9 for Pb+2 and 0.85 for Cd+2). This indicates that the adsorption process via monolayer formation with chemical sharing or/and ion exchange process occurs on the energetically heterogeneous surface.
Abstract: The excess amount of lead (Pb+2) and cadmium (Cd+2) in the drinking water system lead to affect immunity and kidney failure problems. To overcome such troubles by developing well-crystalline faujasite minerals that are synthesized from claystone by the hydrothermal process may be the current trend For the effective adsorption of these cations. The ...
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Formation of the Transition Zone "Matrix Alloy - Reinforcing Granules" in the Process of Solid-Liquid Synthesis of Composite Material
Alexander Kalinichenko,
Uladislau Kalinichenko,
Igor Voitov,
Valery Luhin
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 1, March 2023
Pages:
9-14
Received:
22 March 2023
Accepted:
26 April 2023
Published:
29 May 2023
Abstract: Casted composite materials have found certain application in mechanical engineering. Their advantages are lower cost due to the use of casting technology (solid-liquid synthesis), absence of any restriction on the shape and weight of parts. It is known that the transition zone between the matrix alloy and reinforcing phase plays an important role on the level of mechanical properties of cast composites. So, the aim of the study is investigations of transition zone formation during the infiltration of matrix alloy into the frame formed by the reinforcing phase. Copper based alloy was used as a matrix alloy and cast-iron granules were used as a reinforcing phase. Cast composite materials have been exposed for different time during the synthesis. Specimens were studied using electron microscopy. Results on the concentration distribution of main elements (Si, Fe, Cu) in a transition zone are presented. It is shown that the formation of transition zone starts during the infiltration process with further its growth during the exposition at the synthesis temperature. It is established that the formation of the transition zone takes place not only due to elements diffusion but as well due to the dissolution of granules of reinforcing phase. Experiments carried out allow establishing some peculiarities of the transition zone formation. To achieve required level of mechanical properties it is necessary to control the melt temperature and duration of the synthesis of cast composite materials.
Abstract: Casted composite materials have found certain application in mechanical engineering. Their advantages are lower cost due to the use of casting technology (solid-liquid synthesis), absence of any restriction on the shape and weight of parts. It is known that the transition zone between the matrix alloy and reinforcing phase plays an important role o...
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